COVID-19 rapid antigen test kits could be poisonous if swallowed, absorbed: Health Canada

Health Canada is warning that COVID-19 rapid antigen test kits may be poisonous if swallowed or absorbed through the skin — especially with young children and pets. 

In the alert issued by the agency on Thursday, February 24, Health Canada said the advisory is intended to help fill that labelling gap, and warn Canadians about the risks associated with misuse, accidental ingestion or spillage or rapid antigen test kit solutions.

“Following an increase in reports to poison control centres, Health Canada is advising Canadians about potential risks associated with the misuse or accidental ingestion or spillage of COVID-19 rapid antigen test kit solutions on the skin,” Health Canada said. 

“HC has determined that the kits are safe and effective when used as intended. However, many test kits include liquid solutions with chemical preservatives, such as sodium azide and Proclin that may be poisonous if swallowed or absorbed through the skin, particularly in children and pets. Small doses of sodium azide can lower blood pressure, and larger doses may cause more serious health effects.”

Proclin, Health Canada explains, is found in many kits. It contains chemicals that can cause skin and eye irritation, as well as allergic reactions. 

Accidental ingestion or skin exposure to very small quantities of liquid solutions would not be expected to cause the serious effects associated with large doses. 

However, even small quantities may cause effects in small children and pets. 

“As part of COVID-19 testing initiatives Canadians may receive rapid antigen test kits for self-use from health units, schools, workplaces or other venues that have been authorized by Health Canada for use by laboratories or trained individuals. While these kits are safe, effective, and beneficial for self-testing, the product labelling and instructions may not describe or disclose the risks associated with misuse or accidental ingestion.”

So far, Health Canada is aware of about 50 calls made to poison control centres in Canada related to accidental exposure, which have result in minor health outcomes. 

Health Canada advises people to keep the kits out of reach of children, avoid eye and skin contact, not to swallow the solution and wash hands thoroughly after use. If spillage happens, rinse well with water. 

Should exposure happen, report any health product-related side effects or complaints to Health Canada and contact your local Poison Information and Control Centre.